Microform: The Papers of the President's Science Advisory Committee, 1957-1961

Identity Statement

Reference code(s)	: GB 0099 KCLMA MF 340-342
Held at	: Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, King's College London   Click here to find out how to view this collection at http://www.kingscollections.org/catalogues/lhcma ›
Full title	: Microform: The Papers of the President's Science Advisory Committee, 1957-1961
Date(s)	: 1957-1961, 1986
Level of description	: Collection (fonds)
Extent	: 3 reels
Name of creator(s)	: President's Science Advisory Committee (PASC)

Context

Administrative/Biographical history:

As a response to the launch of the Soviet radio satellite, 'Sputnik', on 4 Oct 1957, President Dwight David Eisenhower launched the President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC) on 21 Nov 1957. Dr James Killian, Jr, previously Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) president, was appointed its first chairman. Dr George Kistiakowsky was appointed to that position in 1959 and served as PSAC chairman until 1961. The PASC was presented with a succession of space and national security issues in general and arms control in particular. On the advice of the PSAC, Eisenhower established the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and the Defense Reorganization Act of 1958, which proposed a centralisation of science and technology in the newly created office of Director of Defense Research and Engineering. By the summer of 1958 PASC turned its attention towards the formulation of national security policy. Exploiting a network of working groups on topics such as reconnaissance, arms control, missiles and early warning systems, PSAC was able to give Eisenhower a succession of recommendations on disarmament, aerial and space-based reconnaissance, and banning of nuclear weapons tests. Other major areas of study included the exchange of scientific information with North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries and the establishment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). As much as technical advice and information was essential, however, the PSAC was divided on political issues such as test-ban verification. In addition, subsequent administrations valued the PSAC less highly than Eisenhower did and accorded it less influence. It was disbanded by President Richard Milhous Nixon in 1973.

Content

Scope and content/abstract:

The Papers of the President's Science Advisory Committee, 1957-1961 are microfilmed copies of meeting minutes, correspondence, agenda, scientific reports and studies from the President's Science Advisory Committee (PASC), 1957-1961. The records of the PASC in the Eisenhower administration detail science policy, 1957-1961, primarily relating to arms control and disarmament through nuclear power; space; medical research; and particle physics. The PASC records include minutes and agenda from PASC's regular monthly meetings; minutes from the annual meetings with Eisenhower, compiled by PASC Executive Officer David Beckler; reports, speeches, studies and correspondence relating to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Space Project, US Strategic Air Command; satellite communications; nuclear testing; nuclear propulsion; early warning defence systems; US and Soviet biological and chemical warfare capabilities; US aircraft development, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lunar Program; ocean surveillance projects; the Television Infrared Observation Satellite Program; the Apollo lunar Program; US anti-submarine warfare capabilities; Soviet scientific progress, 1957-1961; US missile programs and radar and radio astronomy advancements. Microfilm also includes correspondence and memoranda between PASC and Eisenhower; Emanuael Piore, PASC consultant and research director for IBM; Alan Waterman, President of the National Science Foundation; Senator Henry M Jackson; and presidential adviser Gen Andrew Jackson Goodpaster.

Access & Use

Language/scripts of material:
English

System of arrangement:

The records of the PSAC are arranged into three sections. The first section contains meeting notes which consist primarily of typescript minutes and agenda from the PSAC's regular monthly meetings as well as manuscript and typescript notes for the annual meetings with President Eisenhower, 1957-1960. The second section consists of subject files, composed primarily of correspondence, memoranda, reports, meeting minutes, studies from relevant executive departments and government agencies, and press reports arranged alphabetically by subject title and in reverse alphabetical order therein. The third section consists primarily of correspondence and memoranda, arranged in alphabetical order by correspondent and in reverse chronological order therein.

Conditions governing access:

Open, subject to signature of reader's undertaking form.

Conditions governing reproduction:

Copies, subject to the condition of the original, may be provided for research use only. Enquiries concerning the copyright of the original material should be addressed to University Publications of America, Inc., 4520 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD, 20814-3389, USA

Finding aids:

Summary guide available on-line at http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/top.htm, and in hard copy in the Centre's reading room,Paul Kesaris (ed.), The Papers of the President's Science Advisory Committee, 1957-1961 (University Publications of America, Bethesda, MD, 1986).

Archival Information

Archival history:

Immediate source of acquisition:

University Publications of America, Inc., Bethesda, MD, with fully indexed guide edited and compiled by Robert E Lester.

Allied Materials

Related material:

Publication note:

Description Notes

Archivist's note:

Rules or conventions:

Date(s) of descriptions:
Date of compilation: Jun 1999